is. ar. “ش şın” harfinin ism-i müşterekidir. Üstten üç noktalı olduğuna binâen, şîn-i mu‘ceme, şîn-i fevkâniyye ve şîn-i müsellese dahi denilir.

The sixteenth letter of the Turkish and Persian and thirteenth of the Arabic alphabet. Its full name is شین معجمە şîn-i mu’ceme (the dotted ش). It is also called شین قرشت şîn-i kareşet (the shin of the word شین قرشت of the ابجد formula). Its phonetic value is sh, as in ship. Its numerical value in chronograms is 300. When reduplicated or when followed by ح or ه, it must be carefully pronounced and transliterad; as عشار ‘aş-şâr, رشح reşh, رشحە reşha. ش is one of the letters reduplicated in pronunciation instead of the ل of the Arabic article ال; as, قرص الشمس kursu’ş-şems. In writing, it can be joined to letters preceding or following it. As with the letter س the dentations of the ش are sometimes dispensed with. Suffixed to the root-word of any Turkish verb and preceded by a formative esere vowel, the letter ش forms a noun of manner which is sometimes taken as a simple noun of action; as, باق (look thou), باقش (a manner or kind of look or looking). Suffixed to the root-word or any primitive affirmative verb, and preceded by the formative esere vowel when the root ends with a quiescent consonant, the letter ش is used to form a new verb-root that commonly implies reciprocal action. But sometimes this form is used when the actor is but one, and then each part of that actor is conceived as a concurrent actor through out the parts and the whole. Thus; باقمق (to look), باقشمق (to look at one another, or, to look concurrently at something); سویلەمك (to speak), سویلشمك (to speak together or with one another). Sometimes, again, this form of the verb expresses an action that is repeated or continued and distributed by one actor, or by several actors, over the parts of the object; thus; آرامق (to seek for) اراشمق (to seek a thing in many places, to examine every place for it). In Persian the letter ش is used to form a noun of action, of which certain ones are used in Turkish literature; as, آفرینش (creation), سوزش (a burning), etc. In the dates of letters and documents the letter ش, deprived of its dots, represents the month of شعبان .

s. The letter ش, called also شین قرشت (The ش of the word قرشت) of the اجد formula) and شین معجمە (The dotted ش).